[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":51},["ShallowReactive",2],{"blogpost-defining-data-commons-a-framework-for-assessing-shared-data-resources:en":3,"blogpost-related-defining-data-commons-a-framework-for-assessing-shared-data-resources:en":16},{"id":4,"brow":5,"cover_image":6,"date":7,"excerpt":8,"extension":9,"heading":10,"main_content":11,"meta":12,"slug":13,"stem":14,"tagline":8,"__hash__":15},"blogposts\u002Fblogposts\u002Fdefining-data-commons-a-framework-for-assessing-shared-data-resources.json","Blog","https:\u002F\u002Fcms.thegovlab.com\u002Fassets\u002F15a3a31b-d0a8-43c0-bd25-f5d10a485b4f","2026-07-06",null,"json","Defining Data Commons: A Framework for Assessing Shared Data Resources","\u003Cp id=\"docs-internal-guid-4e206a0a-7fff-236d-b063-b9fe2aacf3a3\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Actors around the world are turning to data commons to improve access to high-quality data for AI development while advancing more equitable, accountable, and collaborative approaches to data governance.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">We define \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fincubator.opendatapolicylab.org\u002Ffiles\u002Fdata-commons-for-ai-blueprint.pdf\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">data commons\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> as collaboratively governed ecosystems that pool, steward, and provide responsible access to shared data resources. Yet initiatives operating under the label\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">vary considerably in their governance structures, access models, funding arrangements, and relationships with contributors and affected communities. At the same time, many initiatives that resemble data commons in practice do not describe themselves using the term. Distinguishing data commons from adjacent models such as open data platforms, data cooperatives, or AI data pools is therefore not always straightforward. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\"> \u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">What We Did \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">To better understand this landscape, the Open Data Policy Lab created the \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fdocs.google.com\u002Fspreadsheets\u002Fd\u002F1GPzU4Pspi-XOmJU13LvOUUPxtfTuRXcZMBw7lxkQRyY\u002Fedit?gid=0#gid=0\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Data Commons for Generative AI Repository\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, which currently contains 49 initiatives spanning health, science, language, culture, mobility, environment, and other domains. The repository was developed through desk research and built on insights from our data commons work over the last two years, including research projects, studios, and the \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.newcommons.ai\u002F\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">New Commons Challenge\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">. In assembling it, we adopted a deliberately broad approach, capturing mature commons, federated infrastructures, cooperative models, consortium-based initiatives, and commons in development. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">As the repository expanded, we needed a consistent way to assess how closely different initiatives aligned with the principles of a data commons. Drawing on our research and the characteristics identified through our work on data commons, including the principles outlined in our \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fincubator.opendatapolicylab.org\u002Ffiles\u002Fdata-commons-for-ai-blueprint.pdf\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Blueprint to Unlock Data Commons for AI\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, we developed an assessment checklist. The checklist translates these characteristics into a set of elements that can be used to compare initiatives and evaluate how closely they align with the data commons model.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">We reviewed each initiative against the checklist using desk research. We did not use the framework as a scoring system, and inclusion in the repository did not depend on meeting a fixed number of criteria. Nor did we expect every initiative to fully implement all six elements. Instead, we evaluated how initiatives approached each element and whether, taken together, they demonstrated characteristics consistent with a data commons. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">After removing initiatives that no longer appeared active, we excluded initiatives when we found no evidence that contributors, affected communities, or member institutions could influence stewardship, access rules, accountability processes, or future development. Recognizing that the field remains at an early stage, we retained some commons-in-development that had not yet fully implemented governance or accountability structures when there was credible evidence that they were actively building toward them. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Our objective was to reflect the diversity of institutional arrangements emerging across sectors while maintaining meaningful boundaries around the concept of a data commons.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp> \u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">What We Developed: Six Elements of a Data Commons \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">These elements represent characteristics commonly found in data commons and provide a practical framework for assessment:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cul style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;\">\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: disc; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Public Purpose:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> Whether the initiative aims to supply data needed to address public problems and support public-interest AI;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: disc; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Contributor Benefits:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> Whether contributors receive meaningful value in exchange for providing access to data, expertise, labor, or other resources;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: disc; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Funding and Support: \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Whether the initiative has identifiable sources of financial, institutional, technical, or operational support to sustain the commons over time;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: disc; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Access Controls:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> Whether the initiative establishes clear rules and mechanisms governing who can access data, under what conditions, and for what purposes;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: disc; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Participatory Governance:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> Whether contributors, affected communities, members, or participating institutions can meaningfully influence stewardship, rules, standards, or future development;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: disc; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Accountability Mechanisms:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> Whether the initiative includes safeguards, oversight processes, transparency measures, or other mechanisms that support responsible data use.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; text-align: center; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cimg src=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcms.thegovlab.com\u002Fassets\u002F483b0c62-9f86-4094-a03b-59ea6b431dae.png?width=372&height=414\" alt=\"Screenshot 2026 07 06 101135\">\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">What We Found \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Across the repository, the vast majority of initiatives were created to serve a public purpose, offered clear benefits to contributors, had identifiable funding or support, and included some form of access control. Participatory governance and accountability mechanisms showed greater variation and ultimately became the most important criteria for distinguishing data commons from adjacent models. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">The review process clarified several categories that should not automatically be treated as data commons. These included:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cul style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;\">\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: disc; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Centralized institutional or government-run platforms \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">with no evidence of shared governance, community authority, or contributor stewardship;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: disc; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Open datasets or one-time data publications \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">lacking ongoing governance, stewardship, or accountability;\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: disc; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Peer-production, crowdsourcing, or co-production initiatives\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> where participants contribute data or labor without meaningful governance authority; and \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type: disc; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Alliances, standards bodies, or coordination networks\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> that support data sharing but do not directly steward a shared data resource.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Many excluded initiatives exhibited openness, collaboration, or stakeholder engagement, but lacked mechanisms for shared stewardship and decision-making. The presence of a shared data resource alone was not sufficient; governance authority also needed to be distributed beyond a single central actor.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp> \u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Looking Forward \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">This framework is not intended to provide an exhaustive answer to how a data commons should be constituted. It provides a practical way to examine emerging models, compare institutional approaches, and draw clearer distinctions within an evolving field. As data commons continue to emerge across sectors and geographies, the framework can help practitioners, researchers, policymakers, and funders better understand how different models approach governance, participation, accountability, and sustainability. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">In our next post, we apply this framework across the repository and explore what it reveals about the current landscape of data commons. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">***\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp> \u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">To learn more about our broader data commons work, including the New Commons Incubator, visit \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fnewcommons.ai\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">newcommons.ai\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">.  \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>",{},"defining-data-commons-a-framework-for-assessing-shared-data-resources","blogposts\u002Fdefining-data-commons-a-framework-for-assessing-shared-data-resources","EPn7lZDbgdlluoWkFMAiiZ-uOfzODRJrXPIlpy7n-tA",[17,27,29,40],{"id":18,"brow":5,"cover_image":19,"date":20,"excerpt":8,"extension":9,"heading":21,"main_content":22,"meta":23,"slug":24,"stem":25,"tagline":8,"__hash__":26},"blogposts\u002Fblogposts\u002Fwhat-our-repository-reveals-about-data-commons-in-the-ai-era.json","https:\u002F\u002Fcms.thegovlab.com\u002Fassets\u002Fdb3280ca-e3c3-4667-8b31-08575df08e78","2026-07-13","What Our Repository Reveals About Data Commons in the AI Era","\u003Cp id=\"docs-internal-guid-bffbb4fc-7fff-446e-a989-6916c8e4ac8f\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Over the last several months, The Open Data Policy Lab conducted an in-depth review of how the data commons gathered within our \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fdocs.google.com\u002Fspreadsheets\u002Fd\u002F1GPzU4Pspi-XOmJU13LvOUUPxtfTuRXcZMBw7lxkQRyY\u002Fedit?gid=0#gid=0\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Data Commons for Generative AI repository \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">align with the \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fopendatapolicylab.org\u002Farticles\u002Fdefining-data-commons\u002F\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">six elements of our data commons assessment framework\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">: Public Purpose, Contributor Benefits, Funding and Support, Access Controls, Participatory Governance, and Accountability Mechanisms. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">The review revealed both patterns and variation. Many initiatives articulate a public purpose, offer benefits to contributors, identify funding or support, and define access conditions. Participatory governance and accountability mechanisms varied more widely and often marked the clearest distinctions between data commons and adjacent models such as open data platforms, data cooperatives, and AI data pools.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Our review highlighted that data commons take many institutional forms, including scientific research infrastructures, health data collaboratives, cultural and linguistic preservation efforts, industrial data spaces, and community-owned initiatives. Some operate globally or nationally, while others focus on specific sectors, communities, or local challenges.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">In the sections that follow, we examine what the repository reveals through each element of our framework, offering a snapshot of how organizations across sectors are attempting to build, govern, and sustain shared data resources in an era shaped by data-intensive technologies and artificial intelligence.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch1 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 14pt; margin-bottom: 6pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Key Findings Across Our Six Elements of Data Commons \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fh1>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 18pt; margin-bottom: 6pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Public Purpose\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Public purpose generally refers to the commitment to transform data into a shared resource in the public’s interest. The initiatives in our repository formalized this commitment through missions, governance structures, or stewardship arrangements designed to align data use with broader societal goals. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Several initiatives in our repository focus on scientific and clinical advancement. Initiatives such as \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fdata.midrc.org\u002F\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">MIDRC\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, the \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fdatacommons.cancer.gov\u002F\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">NCI Cancer Research Data Commons\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">,\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.insight.hdrhub.org\u002Fabout-insight\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">INSIGHT\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, and \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fdatahub.aida.scilifelab.se\u002Fabout\u002F\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">AIDA Data Hub\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> seek to improve disease detection, diagnosis, treatment, and care delivery by enabling researchers to access high-quality datasets that would otherwise remain siloed within individual hospitals, laboratories, or research institutions. In these cases, public purpose is closely tied to patient benefit, improved health outcomes, and the responsible reuse of sensitive biomedical data.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Many initiatives identified seek to improve public-interest AI innovation, fairness, and inclusion. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fmlcommons.org\u002Fdatasets\u002F\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">MLCommons\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommonvoice.mozilla.org\u002Fen\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Common Voice\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fresearch.google\u002Fblog\u002Fwaxal-a-large-scale-open-resource-for-african-language-speech-technology\u002F\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">WAXAL\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, and the \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.newcommons.ai\u002Fwinners\u002Fmalawi-voice-data-commons\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Malawi Voice Data Commons\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> seek to expand access to representative, high-quality data so that AI development does not systematically exclude underrepresented languages, regions, or communities.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Others \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fmedium.com\u002Fdata-stewards-network\u002F10-data-commons-for-cultural-knowledge-and-preservation-e0b4d3f33402\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">aim to support\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> cultural and linguistic preservation and revitalization. The \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ldaca.edu.au\u002F\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Language Data Commons of Australia\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.clarin.eu\u002F\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">CLARIN\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fopenheritage3d.org\u002Fabout\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Open Heritage\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kbr.be\u002Fen\u002Fprojects\u002Fmetabelgica\u002F\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">MetaBelgica\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, and the \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.dataspace-culturalheritage.eu\u002Fen#about-the-data-space\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Common European Data Space for Cultural Heritage\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> treat data as a vehicle for preserving cultural memory, linguistic diversity, and shared knowledge. These initiatives emphasize long-term stewardship, responsible access, cultural authority, and the preservation of resources that might otherwise disappear.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">We also identified initiatives that pursue public purpose through democratic values, environmental resilience, and community self-determination. For example, the \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fpublicinterestcorpus.org\u002F\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Public Interest Corpus\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> seeks to support public-interest AI research and a more informed knowledge ecosystem. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fposmo.coop\u002F\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Posmo\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> advances informational self-determination by giving mobility-data contributors greater control over how their data is used. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fgainforest.earth\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">GainForest.Earth\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> supports local and Indigenous communities in collecting and governing biodiversity and environmental data. Sectoral commons such as \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcatena-x.net\u002F\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Catena-X\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> and the \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fmobility-dataspace.eu\u002F\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Mobility Data Space\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> pursue public value through industry-wide coordination, sustainability, interoperability, and supply-chain transparency.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">The repository shows that public purpose is not a single objective but a spectrum of social commitments. Some initiatives define the public in broad societal terms, while others focus on specific communities, sectors, or domains. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp> \u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 18pt; margin-bottom: 6pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Contributor Benefits\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Throughout the repository, contributors are treated as stakeholders whose continued participation depends on tangible value. Like public purpose, contributor benefits appear in nearly all initiatives in the repository. The few exceptions are typically initiatives in development, where benefits are anticipated but not yet fully operationalized.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">The most prevalent contributor benefit is visibility and academic credit. Initiatives such as \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">AIDA Data Hub\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> make datasets more FAIR and citable by \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fdatahub.aida.scilifelab.se\u002Fservices\u002Fdata-sharing\u002F\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">assigning Digital Object Identifiers\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, allowing researchers to receive formal recognition when their datasets are reused. The \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Health Data Hub\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> similarly \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.health-data-hub.fr\u002Fpage\u002Ffaq-english\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">reinforces contributor visibility\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> by requiring projects to cite source databases and by informing contributors when their data is reused.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Several initiatives support their contributors through technical and operational support. Some initiatives reduce the burdens of data management by helping contributors with extraction, documentation, harmonization, secure access workflows, and infrastructure. The \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Mobility Data Space\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, for example, provides a \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fmobility-dataspace.eu\u002Fdata-catalogue\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Connector-as-a-Service\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> model that allows organizations to exchange data securely without maintaining complex technical infrastructure themselves. The \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">HathiTrust Research Center\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> offers members \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.hathitrust.org\u002Fmember-libraries\u002Fservices-programs\u002Fhtrc\u002F\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">specialized developer support\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, technical expertise, and high-capacity computing environments for large-scale text and data mining. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Another benefit is influence over standards, strategy, and governance. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Catena-X\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> gives participating organizations opportunities to \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcatena-x.academy\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2024\u002F09\u002F8.1_CX-Association-History-Tasks-Goals.pdf\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">co-create industry standards\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, define API specifications, and shape certification requirements for the automotive ecosystem. In the \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Posmo\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> cooperative, individuals who contribute mobility data gain membership rights and can participate directly in decisions about how the data is used and which institutions may access it. These models treat governance itself as a contributor benefit by giving participants influence over the future direction of the commons. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Some initiatives provide financial incentives or data enrichment. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">AIDA Data Hub \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">offers \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fdatahub.aida.scilifelab.se\u002Fservices\u002F\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">discounts and other incentives\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> for contributors of prioritized datasets while also supporting researchers to extract, enrich, and prepare data for broader sharing and reuse. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">GainForest.Earth \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fdocs.gainforest.earth\u002Fsolutions\u002Fconservation-data-income\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">rewards communities\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> for contributing biodiversity data through community-defined pricing models while also providing training, AI tools, and conservation technologies that strengthen local capacity to collect, steward, and benefit from environmental data. The \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Health Data Hub\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> offers another type of benefit, linking and \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.medizininformatik-initiative.de\u002Fsites\u002Fdefault\u002Ffiles\u002F2020-11\u002FPresentationHDHNov2020.pptx_0.pdf\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">enriching contributed\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> datasets with additional health data resources, allowing contributors to derive greater value from the data they originally supplied.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp> \u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 18pt; margin-bottom: 6pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Funding and Support\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Many initiatives within our repository begin with grants, public seed funding, or pilot support, but durable commons require longer-term arrangements to cover the ongoing costs of infrastructure, stewardship, governance, accountability, and community engagement. As we have \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fopendatapolicylab.org\u002Farticles\u002Fblog-post-emerging-funding-and-business-models-for-data-commons-a-comparison\u002F\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">discussed elsewhere\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, funding models frequently overlap and evolve over time.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">The majority of initiatives are supported by multiple organizations through consortium or collaborative arrangements. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Catena-X\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">MLCommons\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">CLARIN\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, and \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Open Heritage\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> bring together public agencies, research institutions, companies, philanthropies, and civil society organizations that contribute funding, infrastructure, technical expertise, governance labor, or domain knowledge. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">A second major theme is public or government-backed funding. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Health Data Hub\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">INSIGHT\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, the \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">NCI Cancer Research Data Commons\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Mobility Data Space\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, and the \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Feosc.eu\u002Feosc-about\u002F\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">European Open Science Cloud\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> depend on funding from government agencies, research councils, public institutions, or state-supported programs. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Other initiatives sustain themselves through membership dues, service models, or donations. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">HathiTrust\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">AIDA Data Hub\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fosmfoundation.org\u002F\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">OpenStreetMap\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, and parts of the \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.wikidata.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWikidata:Main_Page\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Wikimedia\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">ecosystem rely on combinations of institutional memberships, service fees, philanthropic donations, and volunteer contributions. Initiatives such as \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Common Voice\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, the \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Public Interest Corpus\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Ftransfer.art\u002Ftrust\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">TRANSFER Data Trust\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">GainForest.Earth\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, and the \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Malawi Voice Data Commons\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> rely on philanthropic, grant-based, or early-stage development funding. These initiatives depend on grants, fiscal sponsorship, foundation support, or pilot funding to address public-interest challenges such as democratizing AI, strengthening community data governance, preserving language and cultural resources, or expanding access to scientific and educational data.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp> \u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 18pt; margin-bottom: 6pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Access Controls\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Across the repository, access is rarely treated as simply “open” or “closed.” Instead, initiatives use legal, procedural, technical, and community-based mechanisms to balance data availability with privacy, consent, intellectual property, cultural authority, commercial sensitivity, and data sovereignty. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Several initiatives use ethical review processes to determine whether data access should be granted. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">INSIGHT\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, for example, uses the Five Safes framework and routes feasible applications to its \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.insight.hdrhub.org\u002Fdata-trust-advisory-board\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Data Trust Advisory Board\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, which includes patient and public stakeholders and evaluates whether proposed uses balance scientific discovery with public benefit. The \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Health Data Hub\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> follows a similarly formal process, \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.health-data-hub.fr\u002Fstarter-kit\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">requiring\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> scientific and ethical review before authorization by France’s national data protection authority.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">A second model is secure analysis, where users work with data inside a controlled environment. The \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">HathiTrust Research Center\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> uses \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.hathitrust.org\u002Fthe-collection\u002Fterms-conditions\u002Fnon-consumptive-use-policy\u002F\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Data Capsules\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> to support computational research on protected collections while preventing substantial portions of raw texts from leaving the system; exports must be reviewed to ensure they do not reproduce protected expressive content. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">INSIGHT\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> similarly provides access through a \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.insight.hdrhub.org\u002Fsecure-research-environment\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Secure Research Environment\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, where researchers work in controlled virtual environments and outputs are reviewed before export. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Other initiatives rely on credentials, training, and data use agreements to ensure that only qualified or accountable users gain access. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">MIDRC\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, for example, requires \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.midrc.org\u002Fuser-registration\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">user registration\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, institutional authentication, and agreement to detailed data use conditions governing redistribution, re-identification, publication, and commercial use. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Health Data Nexus\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> similarly combines institutional authorization, mandatory ethics training, and \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fhealthdatanexus.ai\u002Fabout\u002Fstart\u002F\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">data use agreements \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">before granting access to specific datasets. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">For lower-risk or more openly shared resources, access controls often take the form of standardized licenses, APIs, and tiered access categories. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">CLARIN\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> organizes language resources into public, academic, and restricted-\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.clarin.eu\u002Fcontent\u002Flicenses-and-clarin-categories\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">access categories\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, while initiatives such as \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Common Voice\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> and \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.institutionaldatainitiative.org\u002Finstitutional-books\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Institutional Books 1.0\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> rely on open licenses, attribution requirements, platform terms, or API-based access. These models maximize reuse while still establishing expectations for lawful and responsible use.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Industrial and federated data spaces use access controls rooted in data sovereignty. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Mobility Data Space\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> and \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Catena-X\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> allow data to remain with providers while exchange is mediated through connectors, contracts, and shared technical standards. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp> \u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 18pt; margin-bottom: 6pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Participatory Governance\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Participatory governance is the primary feature that distinguishes a data commons from a platform for data access. Throughout the repository, many initiatives involved consultation, contribution, or co-design, but only some gave participants authority over access conditions, technical standards, strategic priorities, or future development. In some commons, individuals or communities participate directly; in others, participation occurs through organizations, institutions, or sectoral representatives. What matters is not who participates, but whether decision-making authority is meaningfully shared.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">One governance model is independent stakeholder oversight, where affected groups or public representatives help determine whether data use is legitimate. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">INSIGHT \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">gives its Data Trust Advisory Board authority over the assessment criteria used to approve or deny data access requests. The \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Health Data Hub\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> follows a more institutional version of this model through \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.health-data-hub.fr\u002Fcesrees\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">CESREES\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">—the Ethical and Scientific Committee for Research, Studies and Evaluations in the field of Health—which evaluates the scientific relevance, ethical character, and public-interest value of proposed projects.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">A second model is collaborative standard-setting, where participating organizations collectively shape the technical and operational rules of the commons. This approach is common in consortium-based initiatives where membership is held by institutions. In \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Catena-X\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, for example, members participate in topic-specific \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcatena-x.net\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2025\u002F03\u002FCatena-X_Organization_Chart.pdf\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">working groups\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> that define standards, data models, API specifications, and software priorities for the automotive ecosystem. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">A third model centers on community sovereignty and member control. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Posmo\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> gives every individual who contributes data the right to become a member and participate in decisions about which institutions may access aggregated datasets. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">TRANSFER Data Trust\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> similarly uses a \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Ftransfer.art\u002Ftrust\u002Fgovernance#:~:text=TRANSFER%20Data%20Trust%20is%20a,supporters%20informed%20of%20our%20progress.\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">member-owned cooperative model\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> that gives artists and cultural organizations a direct role in shaping stewardship and governance. The \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Language Data Commons of Australia\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> extends this logic to Indigenous and community authority by using governance structures informed by \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ldaca.edu.au\u002Fabout\u002Fprinciples\u002F\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">CARE principles\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> to support appropriate control over sensitive linguistic collections.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Other initiatives rely on strategic steering and advisory bodies to guide priorities. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Artsdata\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, for example, is governed by the \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fkg.artsdata.ca\u002F\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Artsdata Community Group\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, which brings together data providers, users, financial supporters, and sector experts to guide the governance and evolution of the shared knowledge graph.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Like the other elements, participatory governance does not take a single institutional form. It can involve patient and public oversight, collaborative ecosystem governance, cooperative ownership, Indigenous and community data sovereignty, advisory councils, or technical standard-setting. It may operate through individual contributors, community representatives, or participating organizations. What distinguishes a data commons is the distribution of authority: meaningful decisions about access, stewardship, standards, and future development are shared rather than retained exclusively by a central actor.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp> \u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 18pt; margin-bottom: 6pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Accountability Mechanisms\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Accountability mechanisms clarify who is responsible for data use, how compliance is monitored, and how contributors, communities, or the public can assess whether the commons is being used appropriately.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Several initiatives use public transparency and usage reporting. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">INSIGHT’s\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.insight.hdrhub.org\u002Fdata-use-register\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Data Use Register\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> provides an accessible record of the project title, lead applicant, and purpose for each study granted access to NHS patient data. The \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Health Data Hub\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> similarly publishes information about datasets in its catalogue and the research projects using them. The \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Public Interest Corpus\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> also emphasizes \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fpublicinterestcorpus.org\u002Fprinciples-and-goals\u002F#:~:text=Data%20Nutrition%20Label.-,The%20Public%20Interest%20Corpus%20%E2%80%A6,makes%20use%20of%20the%20corpus.\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">transparency \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">around corpus composition and future modifications as a way to build trust in downstream research.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">A second model is institutional and professional responsibility. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">AIDA Data Hub\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> requires access requests to be led by a qualified researcher affiliated with a responsible research institution, which remains accountable for safeguarding the data according to its policies and applicable law. At the \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Health Data Nexus\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, users must sign a Data Use Agreement for each dataset they wish to access, linking their institutional identity to specific ethical and legal obligations.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">A third model relies on technical auditing and traceability. In industrial data spaces such as the \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Mobility Data Space\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">, accountability is embedded in usage contracts between data providers and recipients and supported through technical infrastructure. The \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Health Data Hub\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> uses a secure platform that traces actions performed on data, creating an audit trail for compliance. Within \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">INSIGHT’s\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> Secure Research Environment, a data custodian must approve the export of analysis results to ensure that sensitive information does not leave the protected environment.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Other initiatives ground accountability in ethical frameworks, standards, and training. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">The Language Data Commons of Australia\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> draws on CARE principles to support culturally appropriate stewardship of sensitive language data. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">INSIGHT \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">uses the Five Safes framework to assess whether projects involve safe people, safe data, safe settings, safe outputs, and safe projects. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp> \u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch1 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 14pt; margin-bottom: 4pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 15pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Reflections\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fh1>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Applying the assessment framework clarified that data commons are not simply repositories, platforms, or datasets, but socio-technical institutions. They must balance the needs of data providers, users, data subjects, affected communities, funders, and the broader public interest while sustaining the rules, relationships, and infrastructure that make responsible data access possible. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">First, trust is essential. Across the repository, initiatives used access controls, accountability mechanisms, and ethical review to enable data access, especially where data is sensitive, culturally significant, commercially valuable, or personally identifiable. Secure research environments, public data-use registers, ethical review boards, contributor-controlled permissions, and traceable audit systems help create the conditions under which communities and institutions are willing to provide access.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Second, data commons cannot depend on altruism alone. They require reciprocity. Contributors need meaningful value in return for the labor, risk, and expertise involved in preparing and sharing data. That value may come through access to a larger and better-curated shared resource, attribution, persistent identifiers, technical support, data enrichment, capacity-building, governance rights, or strategic influence. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Third, grants, philanthropic support, public seed funding, and time-limited research funding can help launch initiatives, but they do not guarantee long-term sustainability. More durable initiatives combine funding sources such as public mandates, institutional support, membership dues, service fees, donations, volunteer labor, and consortium contributions. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Finally, governance is the clearest boundary between a data commons and other forms of collaborative data sharing. Open datasets, data sharing platforms, standards bodies, and commons-enabling alliances can all contribute to the broader data ecosystem, but they do not automatically qualify as data commons. What matters is whether contributors, affected communities, members, or participating institutions hold meaningful authority over access rules, standards, stewardship practices, accountability mechanisms, or future development. This shared authority separates participation in building a data resource from participation in governing it as a commons. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">***\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">To learn more about our broader data commons work, including the New Commons Incubator, visit \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fnewcommons.ai\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: underline; -webkit-text-decoration-skip: none; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">newcommons.ai\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Proxima Nova',sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">.  \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>",{},"what-our-repository-reveals-about-data-commons-in-the-ai-era","blogposts\u002Fwhat-our-repository-reveals-about-data-commons-in-the-ai-era","PMSSkisHeptYCHRYaTE6cN4CYJ288YY9PoqtdoQMDls",{"id":4,"brow":5,"cover_image":6,"date":7,"excerpt":8,"extension":9,"heading":10,"main_content":11,"meta":28,"slug":13,"stem":14,"tagline":8,"__hash__":15},{},{"id":30,"brow":31,"cover_image":32,"date":33,"excerpt":8,"extension":9,"heading":34,"main_content":35,"meta":36,"slug":37,"stem":38,"tagline":8,"__hash__":39},"blogposts\u002Fblogposts\u002Fnew-resource-data-commons-faq.json","Resource","https:\u002F\u002Fcms.thegovlab.com\u002Fassets\u002Fc75f4486-f070-4283-852b-7375befad4ea","2026-06-30","New Resource: Data Commons FAQ","\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">What are data commons? Where did the concept come from? How are they different from other data collaboratives? What value do they provide? And what are there limitations?\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">These are just a few of the questions that we’ve received since The Open Data Policy Lab published its \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fincubator.opendatapolicylab.org\u002Ffiles\u002Fdata-commons-for-ai-blueprint.pdf\">Blueprint to Unlock New Data Commons for AI\u003C\u002Fa>—a framework for creating new, collaboratively governed data ecosystems that pool and provide responsible access to diverse, high-quality datasets from one or more sectors.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fnewcommons.ai\u002Fdocs\u002Fdata-commons-faq.pdf\">Data Commons: Frequently Asked Questions\u003C\u002Fa> seeks to answer some of those concerns. In the form of a short, 15-page report, it provides an overview of the concept and why they can serve as an alternative to the growing use of privatized data silos or extractive re-use of open datasets. It answers questions such as:\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">What is a data commons?\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Where does the idea for a commons come from?\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">How are commons managed?\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">How are data commons different from data collaboratives?\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">What are some of the critiques of data commons?\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Authored by Stefaan Verhulst (The Govlab), Andrew J. Zahuranec (The GovLab), Hannah Chafetz (The GovLab), Leona Verdadero (UNESCO), and Jennifer Hansen (Microsoft), the resource is a vital component to the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fnewcommons.ai\u002F\">New Commons Incubator\u003C\u002Fa>—which seeks applicants for a six-month capacity-building program to support the development of data commons proposals. \u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">By reviewing the document, possible applicants can understand exactly what the Incubator seeks to achieve. Others can use the FAQ to guide their own work, developing data commons that correspond to the latest research and analysis. It is also available in \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fnewcommons.ai\u002Fdocs\u002Fdata-commons-faq-fr.pdf\">French\u003C\u002Fa> and \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fnewcommons.ai\u002Fdocs\u002Fdata-commons-faq-es.pdf\">Spanish\u003C\u002Fa>.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">We invite you to read \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fnewcommons.ai\u002Fdocs\u002Fdata-commons-faq.pdf\">Data Commons: Frequently Asked Questions\u003C\u002Fa> to learn more about this work. If you have any questions, please feel free to contact us at \u003Ca href=\"mailto:newcommons@opendatapolicylab.org\">newcommons@opendatapolicylab.org\u003C\u002Fa>. \u003C\u002Fp>",{},"new-resource-data-commons-faq","blogposts\u002Fnew-resource-data-commons-faq","ozul3dNu9G9sR_s-xMimijVqC4zMe5UtQh-hBKmCv44",{"id":41,"brow":42,"cover_image":43,"date":44,"excerpt":8,"extension":9,"heading":45,"main_content":46,"meta":47,"slug":48,"stem":49,"tagline":8,"__hash__":50},"blogposts\u002Fblogposts\u002Fnew-commons-incubator-launches-to-support-indigenous-led-language-and-cultural-data-commons-in-the-age-of-ai.json","Announcement","https:\u002F\u002Fcms.thegovlab.com\u002Fassets\u002Ff287f8cf-3b13-4ec2-9208-626456b3fc7d","2026-06-18","New Commons Incubator Launches to Support Indigenous-Led Language and Cultural Data Commons in the Age of AI","\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">NEW YORK CITY, NEW YORK — As artificial intelligence increasingly relies on language and cultural data, Indigenous communities face unprecedented opportunities and significant risks. While Indigenous languages and cultural knowledge can help shape more inclusive digital futures, too often communities have limited influence over how their data is collected, governed, used, or shared.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">To address this challenge, The GovLab, Microsoft, and UNESCO are launching the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fnewcommons.ai\u002F\">New Commons Incubator for Indigenous Languages and Culture\u003C\u002Fa>, a new initiative designed to support Indigenous-led efforts to develop data commons that preserve, steward, and responsibly govern language and cultural resources in the AI era.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fincubator.opendatapolicylab.org\u002Ffiles\u002Fdata-commons-for-ai-blueprint.pdf\">Data commons\u003C\u002Fa> are shared governance frameworks that enable communities to collectively decide how their data is managed, accessed, and used while ensuring that benefits flow back to the communities themselves. By supporting the development of Indigenous-led data commons, the Incubator seeks to strengthen community agency, support language revitalization, and ensure that Indigenous peoples can participate in shaping the future of AI on their own terms.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The Incubator is a capacity-building initiative that provides mentorship, training, technical guidance, and proposal development support. Participants will receive an in-person opportunity to collaborate and network with other participants, followed by six months of workshops, one-on-one clinics, expert mentorships, and peer learning opportunities. The program is designed to help teams prepare stronger proposals and will end with a final showcase where participants present these to potential funders, partners, and collaborators.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The goal is not to create data commons directly but to equip Indigenous innovators and communities with the tools, governance frameworks, partnerships, and implementation strategies needed to transform promising ideas into actionable and fundable initiatives.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong> \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">Building on Past Success\u003C\u002Fh3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The Incubator builds upon the success of the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.newcommons.ai\u002Fblog\u002Fadvancing-data-governance-for-ai-innovation-insights-from-the-2025-new-commons-challenge-event\">2025 New Commons Challenge\u003C\u002Fa>, a global effort to advance new models of data stewardship and collective governance.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The Challenge attracted more than 175 submissions from around the world, revealing a growing demand for approaches that enable communities to govern and benefit from their own data. A significant number of proposals focused on Indigenous languages and cultural knowledge, highlighting both the urgency of preservation and the opportunity to ensure these resources are stewarded responsibly in the age of AI.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Many proposals demonstrated tremendous promise but required additional support to become operational, sustainable, and investment-ready. The New Commons Incubator was created to address that need by helping participants refine governance models, strengthen technical and organizational foundations, and develop implementation roadmaps capable of attracting long-term support.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The initiative also contributes to the goals of the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.unesco.org\u002Fen\u002Fdecades\u002Findigenous-languages\">International Decade of Indigenous Languages\u003C\u002Fa> (2022–2032), which seeks to preserve, revitalize, and promote Indigenous languages worldwide.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong> \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">Calling interested communities to apply\u003C\u002Fh3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The Incubator begins with an open call for applications running from June 18 to August 14, 2026.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Applications must be Indigenous-led, demonstrate institutional or community support, and have a clear commitment to ensuring that benefits generated through the initiative are shared with Indigenous communities.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Interested applicants will submit concept notes outlining their vision, use case, and governance approach. Submissions will be reviewed by an international panel of Indigenous experts and leaders according to four criteria:\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>Opportunity\u003C\u002Fstrong>: What challenge or use case does the proposal address?\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>Community Relevance\u003C\u002Fstrong>: How does the initiative serve Indigenous communities and priorities?\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>Resources and Readiness\u003C\u002Fstrong>: What assets, partnerships, and capabilities are available to support implementation?\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u003Cstrong>Team\u003C\u002Fstrong>: Who will participate in and lead the work?\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Five to six teams will be selected to participate in the Incubator and receive dedicated support over several months to transform their concepts into robust and actionable proposals.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch3 dir=\"ltr\">A Coalition of Support\u003C\u002Fh3>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">The New Commons Incubator is made possible through the support of The GovLab, Microsoft, and UNESCO, together with a global steering committee of Indigenous leaders, practitioners, and experts.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Stefaan Verhulst, Co-Founder and Chief Research and Development Officer of The GovLab, said:\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cem>\"For too long, communities have been asked to contribute data without having meaningful influence over how that data is used, governed, or who benefits from it. The New Commons Incubator is about moving from extraction to stewardship and from participation to agency. We want Indigenous communities to help shape the future of AI, not simply be subjects of it. By supporting Indigenous-led data commons, we hope to advance new models of digital self-determination that ensure languages, cultural knowledge, and community priorities remain at the center of technological innovation.\"\u003C\u002Fem>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Guilherme Canela de Souza Godoi, Director of the Division for Digital Inclusion, Policies and Transformation at UNESCO, added:\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cem>\"This initiative advances the objectives of the International Decade of Indigenous Languages by co-creating tools with Indigenous communities and supporting them to steward their own linguistic and cultural resources. Ensuring that communities can govern and benefit from their own data is essential to preserving cultural diversity and fostering inclusive digital transformation.\"\u003C\u002Fem>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Jennifer Hansen, Director, Data Policy & Strategy, Microsoft\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cem>\"We are proud to build on the success of last year's New Commons Challenge with an initiative specifically focused on Indigenous languages and cultures. We believe communities should have meaningful opportunities to steward and benefit from the data that increasingly shapes AI systems, and we look forward to supporting innovative Indigenous-led approaches that advance those goals.\"\u003C\u002Fem>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Steering Committee member Chantal Kamgne, Head of Research, EngageAfricaNLP and Managing Director, Localizzz, said: \u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cem>“For communities in indigenous, low-resourced and underserved contexts, technologies can support access to knowledge, services, safety, and opportunity. However, Indigenous languages’ place in AI should not be guided or decided by dataset builders or developers alone, but by the people who speak them and live through them. Giving those communities governance, consent, and control in how their languages enter digital spaces and technology means creating processes and protocols that listen before they collect, model, or use language data. The Indigenous Language and Culture Data Commons Incubator works toward exactly that: technology that is more inclusive without stripping languages of the cultural codes, meaning, identities and values that make them worth preserving.”\u003C\u002Fem>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">From a separate Steering Committee Member, Jenny Fewster, Director, Humanities, Arts, Social Sciences and Indigenous Research Data Commons, Australian Research Data Commons:\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cem>“The Commons Incubator is important because it creates a space where communities, researchers, and infrastructure providers can work together to ensure that emerging technologies strengthen, rather than diminish, Indigenous authority over language and cultural knowledge. Supporting Indigenous data commons is not just about preserving the past, it is about creating the conditions for Indigenous languages, cultures, and knowledge systems to thrive into the future.\"\u003C\u002Fem>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cstrong>Join the Incubator\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Applications for the New Commons Incubator open on June 18, 2026.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">Interested participants can find more information, including eligibility criteria, program details, and governance documentation, at \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fnewcommons.ai\">newcommons.ai\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">For inquiries, contact \u003Ca href=\"mailto:contactnewcommons@opendatapolicylab.org\">contactnewcommons@opendatapolicylab.org\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cem>The New Commons Incubator seeks not only to support individual projects, but also to advance a broader vision of digital self-determination; one in which Indigenous communities collectively govern the data, knowledge, and cultural resources that increasingly shape our shared digital future.\u003C\u002Fem>\u003C\u002Fp>",{},"new-commons-incubator-launches-to-support-indigenous-led-language-and-cultural-data-commons-in-the-age-of-ai","blogposts\u002Fnew-commons-incubator-launches-to-support-indigenous-led-language-and-cultural-data-commons-in-the-age-of-ai","e-cS8RKfVoDHub5wbazHn8mfSK-_5OP06eQE5aXkB0U",1783974204091]